27 countries
Europe in 1880
Europe after the Congress of Berlin
Europe around 1880: Germany and Italy had just been unified, and in 1878 the Congress of Berlin had redrawn the Balkans after the Russo-Turkish War. The Ottoman Empire still reached the Adriatic.
- Romania, Serbia and Montenegro had just been recognised as independent (1878).
- Bulgaria was a principality north of the Balkan Mountains; to the south, Eastern Rumelia was an autonomous Ottoman province. They united in 1885.
- Bosnia and Herzegovina was still Ottoman in law, but Austria-Hungary occupied and ran it.
- Macedonia, Albania, Kosovo, Thessaly, Epirus, Crete and Thrace were Ottoman: Greece ended just north of Lamia.
- Cyprus had been run by Britain since 1878.
How it is made: the coasts are today's, and the borders follow today's divisions where they match those of the time and, where they do not, lines drawn by hand, good to about 10 km. Shapes: Natural Earth (public domain). Compare with today's Europe →
Facts: the map of Europe in 1880
- On the map
- 27 countries · 4 are so small they show as a dot (complete level)
- Largest country
- Russian Empire (22,400,000 km²)
- Smallest country
- Monaco (2 km²)
- Most populous country
- Russian Empire (98,000,000 people)
- Least populous country
- Andorra (5,000 people)
- Northernmost capital
- Saint Petersburg (Russian Empire)
- Southernmost capital
- Athens (Greece)
- Most neighbours
- Austria-Hungary: 9
- No land border with another country on the map
- United Kingdom
More maps
The countries of Europe in 1880
No flags or capitals: those are the answers!
- Andorra
- Austria-Hungary
- Belgium
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Denmark
- Eastern Rumelia
- France
- German Empire
- Greece
- Italy
- Liechtenstein
- Luxembourg
- Monaco
- Montenegro
- Netherlands
- Norway
- Ottoman Empire
- Portugal
- Principality of Bulgaria
- Romania
- Russian Empire
- San Marino
- Serbia
- Spain
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- United Kingdom